ERROR RECOGNITION

Ø  Pengantar

Disetiap ujian Nasional Bahasa Inggris SMK, biasanya terdapat beberapa soal (minimal 10 nomor) yang berupa “Error Recognition” maksudnya mengenali yang salah. Disetiap kalimat ada empat kata atau frase yang di garis bawah dan Anda diminta memilih salah satu kata atau frase yang tidak benar menurut Bahasa Inggris ragam baku.

Ø  Contoh-contoh pertanyaan dan pembahasan

Contoh 1 :

Patient : I have trouble with my skin. It’s very sensitive and irritable.

                                                                                                A

Doctor             : Take this medicine twice a day. But you should avoid to eat fish.

                             B                                 C                                            D      

Pembahasan   : Jawab D

Kata to eat seharusnya eating karna muncul setelah avoid. Avoid termaksud salah satu kata yang diikuti Ving/gerund.

Contoh 2 :

Rekha  : Is your sister in collage?

                                     A        B

Jay       : No, she work in the hospital.

                                          C

Rekha  : And your little brother?

Jay       : He studies in a Senior High School.

                                    D

Pembahasan   : Jawab C

Kata work seharusnya works (dengan “s”) karena subjectnya she (orang ketiga tunggal) dan tensenya simple present.

Contoh 3 :

Dani     : What would you do if you ware a milionare?

                                                      A               B

Fian     : I will take a trip around  the world.

                                  C                                D

Pembahasan   : Jawab C

Kata will take seharusnya would take karena dialog tersebut berpola “conditional sentence tipe 2.”

PASSIVE VOICE

PASSIVE VOICE

Ø  Pengantar

Passive voice bias juga disebut kalimat pasif, maksudnya kalimat yang subjeknya dikenai pekerjaan (bukan melakukan pekerjaan). Biasa diterjemahkan dengan di/ter___.

Ø  Polanya  

Be + Past Participle (V3)

Be “Is, am, are, was, been, be, being” (digunakan sesuai object dan tenses-nya), perhatikan perubahan-perubahan kalimat aktiv menjadi kalimat pasif dibawah ini :

`	ACTIVE	PASSIVE
Simple Present	Mary help John	John is helped (by Mary)
Present Continuous	Mary is helping John	John is being helped (by Mary)
Present Perfect	Mary has halped John	John has been helped (by Mary)
Simple Past	Mary halped John	John was helped (by Mary)
Past Continuous	Mary was helping John	John was being helped (by Mary)
Past Perfect	Mary had halped John	John had been helped (by Mary)
Simple Future	Mary will help John	John will be helped (by Mary)
Be Going To	Mary is going to help John	John is going to be helped (by Mary)
Future Perfect	Mary will have helped John	John will have been helped (by Mary)

Catatan : bentuk progressive atau continuous dari present perfect, past perfect, future dan future perfact sangat jarang digunakan dalam kalimat passive.

·         Simple Future

Rumus:

ð  Will + V1

Be going to + V1

* Tomorrow

* Next week

* Two days later

* Soon

Example:

( + ) I will come tomorrow

( - )  I will not come tomorrow

( ? ) Will you come tomorrow?

ð  Will + be +noun,adj,adv

Be going to + be +noun,adj,adv

Example:

                        1. ( + ) I will be a doctror ( a doctor= Noun )

   ( - ) I will not be a doctor

2. ( + ) She will be beautiful in the party (beautiful= adj )

    ( - ) She will not be beautiful

3. ( + ) They will be in the hospital soon

    ( - ) They will not be in the hospital soon

DIALOGUE / CONVERSATION

Ø  Pengantar

Agar dialogue atau conversation bias berjalan lancer dan tidak menimbulkan salah paham, maka perlu diketahui terlebih dahulu macam-macam ungkapan dan cara menggunakannya dengan benar sesuai situasi yang ada. Beberapa ungkapan yang akan disajikan di bab ini antara lain greeting and leave taking, introduction, thanking/ gratitude, permission, request, possibility and impossibility, want and needs, regret and apology, sympathy, capability, chering help, invitation, giving advice certainty and uncertainty, opinion and agreement and disagreement.

Ø  Contoh-contoh berbagai ungkapan

A.      GREETING AND LEAVE TAKINGS

-          Good morning/ afternoon, etc

-          Hi, hello !

-          How are you to day ?

-          How’s life

-          Good bye, bye, see you later

-          Good night

-          Fine, well, etc

B.      INTRODUCTION

·         Self introduction

-          I’d like to introduce myself

My name is ___ / I am ___

-          Let me introduce myself

My name is ___ / I am ___

-          Allow me to introduce myself

My name is ___ / I am ___

-          My (first/ last) name is

Please call me ___

·         Introducing someone to someone else.

-          This is Mr. Smith, our new manager.

-          I want you to meet wiliam, a new student.

-          I’d like to introduce my friend, wiliam.

C.      THANKING / GRATITUDE

-          Thank you

-          Thank you very much

-          Many thank, thanks a lot

-          I am very grateful to you

-          Special thank goes to

D.      PERMISSION

·         Asking for permission

-          May I ___ ?

-          Could I ___ ?

-          Can I ___ ?

-          Is it ok if I ___ ?

-          Do you allow me to ___ ?

-          Do you mind if I ___ ?

·         Giving permission

-          Yes, please!

-          Yes go a head!

-          It’s ok, no problem, it’s all right!

-          Not at all*

*) answering the question using “do you mind if I ___ ?”

E.      REQUEST AND COMMAND

-          Could you ___ ?

-          Can you ___ ?

-          Would you mind ___ ?

-          Would you like to ___ ?

-          Sit down!

-          Come here!

-          Could you do me a favor?

F.       POSSIBILITY AND IMPOSSIBILITY

·         Possibility

-          Perhaps, maybe, it’s likely that

-          It’s possible/ probable that ___

-          There's possibility that/ there’s a good chance ___

·         Impossibility

-          There’s no chance that ___

-          Thesr’s very little chance ___

-          Impossible!/ no chance!

G.      WANTS AND NEED

-          If you want to drink a cup of coffee, want do you need?

-          I need a cup, a saucer, sugar, tea, spoon, coffee and hot water.

-          Do you want coffee or tea ?

-          Do we need to come ?

-          This machine needs mending ___

H.      APOLOGY

·         Asking for apology

-          I am sorry.

-          I am realy sorry.

-          I am terribly sorry.

-          I am extremely sorry.

-          Please for give me!

-          Sorry for ___

·         Answering apology

-          Never mind , no problem, it’s ok, it doesn’t matter

-          Forget it

I.        SYMPATHY

-          I am sorry to hear that

-          I am afraid to hear that

-          Oh poor you/ what a poor

-          That’s too bad

-          That’s bad luck

-          Please accept my hear that

-          Condolences

-          This difficult time

J.       CAPABILITY AND INCAPABILITY

·         Capability

-          I can ___

-          I am able to ___

-          I am capable of ___

·         Incapability

-          I can’t ___

-          I am unable to ___

-          I am incapable of ___

-          I don’t think I can.

K.      OFFERING HELP

-          May I help you?/ can I help you?

-          Is there any think I can do for you?

-          Any think I can do?

-          Do you need my hand?

-          Perhaps I couls assist you in some way.

L.      INVITATION

·         How to invite

-          Would you like to come to ___ ?

-          Would you mind coming to ___ ?

-          I wonder if you could come to ___ ?

-          Do you fancy coming to ___ ?

-          Do you feel like coming to ___

·         How to accept invitation

-          It sounds nice/ interesting

-          I’d love to

-          That’s great!

·         How to refuse invitation politely

-          It sounds nice/ interesting but ___

-          I’d love to but I’m afraid I can’t ___

-          Thanks for invitation but I am afraid I can’t because ___

M.     GIVING ADVICE OR SUGGESTION

-          You should ___

-          You ought to ___

-          You’d better ___

-          Is’s better for you to ___

-          Why don’t you ___ ?

N.      CERTAINTY AND UNCERTAINTY

·         Certainty

-          I am sure / certain / convinced ___

-          I bet ___ / no doubt / of course sure!

·         Uncertainty

-          I am not sure / certain ___

-          I can’t say that for certain.

-          I doubt it/ I am doubtful ___

-          It depends on ___

O.      OPINION

-          What do you think of ___ ?

-          What’s your opinion about ___ ?

-          In my opinion ____

-           Think ___/ I guess ___/ I think so!

P.       AGREEMENT AND DISAGREEMENT

·         Angreement

-          I agree ___/ I am with you.

-          That’s all right/ it’s a good idea.

-          I don’t have any objection.

·         Disagreement

-          I don’t agree whit you.

-          I have different opinion.

-          I have objection to ___

-          Objection!